🚿Ghusl on Jumu’ah without Jumu’ah? 🕌

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Some have asked whether we should still make the Sunnah Ghusl on Fridays even though there are currently no Jumu’ah prayers due to COVID-19 precautions.

🔖 Summary of the answer: 

According to many scholars, past and present غفر الله لنا ولهم, the Sunnah Ghusl on the Day of Jumu’ah is only done for those who physically attend the Jumu’ah prayer.

🔶 The Hanbali Madhhab:

📔 Sh. ibn an-Najjār al-Futūhi (d. 972h) رحمه الله wrote in al-Muntahā, “The recommended Ghusl (Islamic baths) are 16: the most emphasized is that done for the Jumu’ah prayer, during its day.”

📝 al-Khalwati (1088h) رحمه الله commented (1/132), “Meaning, the Ghusl is (performed) for the prayer, not for the day (itself). Thus, if one were to perform the Ghusl after the prayer (was completed) the virtue (for that action) is not attained.” 

📗 Ibn Qudāmah رحمه الله stated in al-Mughni (3/228, at-Turki & al-Hulu),

“Whoever does not attend the Jumu’ah (prayer), then there is no (recommended) Ghusl for them. Ahmad said, ‘There is no (recommended) Ghusl for women (who do not attend the Jumu’ah prayer) on the day of Jumu’ah’, and based on this reasoning, the same is applied to babies, travelers and the ill. 

Ibn Umar and ‘Alqamah would not make Ghusl during travel while Talha would. It has been narrated that Mujāhid and Tāwūs (did the same as Talha). Perhaps they acted on the generality of the Prophet’s صلى الله عليه وسلم statement,

غسل الجمعة واجب على كل محتلم 

‘The Ghusl of Jumu’ah is obligatory upon all adults.’ (Bukhari, Muslim) And the other general narrations. 

(But what supports) our position is the Prophet’s صلى الله عليه وسلم statement,

من أتى الجمعة فليغتسل

‘Whoever comes to the Jumu’ah (prayer) then let him take a Ghusl’ (Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud)

The intent of this action is to cleanse oneself and eliminate bad odors that would cause (discomfort or) harm to others. This is specific for those who (physically) attend the Jumu’ah (prayer), and this is the intended meaning of those general narrations. For that reason, it is called the *Ghusl of Jumu’ah*, and whoever does not attend the prayer then their Ghusl is not the Ghusl of Jumu’ah.”

 🖋 Ibn al-Uthaymeen رحمه الله stated in al-Mumti’ (5/81),

“The Sunnah indicates that performing Ghusl is specific to those who show up to the Jumu’ah (prayer)…It is possible for the word ‘al-Jumu’ah’ to take the meaning of (A.) the prayer or (B.) the day, however (The Prophet’s) statement, ‘Whenever one of you *comes to the Jumu’ah*…’ (Sunan Abu Dawud) specifies that the intended meaning is the prayer. Based on this, it is not Sunnah for women (who do not attend the Jumu’ah prayer) to make the (Sunnah) Ghusl. 

Likewise, it is not Sunnah for those who do not attend the Jumu’ah prayer with a legitimate excuse to make Ghusl for the Jumu’ah (prayer).”

💎 Our Shaykh Muhammad Ali Aadam al-Ityoobi حفظه الله ورعاه wrote in Sharh at-Tirmidhi (8/323),

“The statement ‘Ghusl is for those who intend to arrive to the Jumu’ah (prayer)’ is the most correct according to me. 

That is because the unconditional hadith (that states), ‘The Ghusl of Jumu’ah is obligatory upon all adults’ is restricted by the understanding of the hadith ‘Whoever comes to the Jumu’ah (prayer) then let him take a Ghusl’. 

There has come another narration that acknowledges that meaning as well by way of Ibn Khuzaymah in his Sahih and al-Bayhaqi in his Sunan with the chain of Uthman bin Wāqid – Naafi’ – Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما – that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said, ‘Whoever comes to Jumu’ah among the men and women, then let them make the Ghusl, *and whoever does not come, then there is no Ghusl upon them.*’ Waliyu-Deen said its chain is authentic. 

This shows that Ghusl is performed for the Jumu’ah prayer and not for the day. Allah the Most High knows best.”

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✍️ Abu Awzaa’ee Abdus-Salaam al-Makki al-Hanbali

🕋 Makkah al-Mukarramah حرسها الله

🗓 15th of Sha’baan, 1441 (4/7/2020 CE)

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